The use of noninvasive ventilation (NIV) in the long-term care of patients with chronic obstruc-tive pulmonary disease (COPD) will benefit the patient in which the following ways except:
1. better gas exchange.
2. improved sleep quality.
3. resetting the respiratory center to better respond to hypoxemia.
4. unloading the respiratory muscles.
a. 1 and 3 only
b. 1, 2, and 4 only
c. 2 and 4 only
d. 2, 3, and 4 only
ANS: B
First, positive inspiratory pressure may improve gas exchange and unload the respiratory muscles, allowing these muscles to recover, gain strength, and reduce fatigue. These benefits should re-duce symptoms associated with hypoventilation and improve quality-of-life. Second, patients with severe COPD have poor sleep quality, shorter sleep time, and nocturnal hypoventilation.
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