A 76-year-old with a diagnosis of penile cancer has been admitted to the medical floor. Because the incidence of penile cancer is so low, the staff educator has been asked to teach about penile cancer
What risk factors should the educator cite in this presentation? Select all that apply.
A) Phimosis
B) Priapism
C) Herpes simplex infection
D) Increasing age
E) Lack of circumcision
Ans: A, D, E
Feedback:
Several risk factors for penile cancer have been identified, including lack of circumcision, poor genital hygiene, phimosis, HPV, smoking, ultraviolet light treatment of psoriasis on the penis, increasing age (two-thirds of cases occur in men older than 65 years of age), lichen sclerosus, and balanitis xerotica obliterans. Priapism and HSV are not known risk factors.
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