When the nurse finds that a child has a sodium level of more than 145 milliequivalents per liter, the nurse would most expect to see:
a. diarrhea and vomiting c. moist mucous membranes
b. dry mucous membranes and thirst d. subnormal temperature
B
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A Incorrect: A child with a sodium level of more than 145 milliequivalents per liter indicates an increased serum sodium level (hypernatremia), and the nurse would not most expect to see diarrhea and vomiting.
B Correct: The nurse would most expect to see dry mucous membranes and thirst in this child because water is pulled out of the cells into the extracellular spaces, resulting in an intracellular fluid deficit.
C Incorrect: The nurse would not most expect to see moist mucous membranes, but rather dry mucous membranes.
D Incorrect: The nurse would not most expect to see a subnormal temperature, but rather an elevated temperature.
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