If oxygen is bled into each of the following portable PTVs at the same rate, which of the follow-ing combinations will provide the highest oxygen concentration?
a. Leak port at mask, oxygen bleed at mask, IPAP 8 cm H2O, EPAP 16 cm H2O
b. Leak port at mask, oxygen bleed at ma-chine outlet, IPAP 6 cm H2O, EPAP 18 cm H2O
c. Leak port in circuit, oxygen bleed at mask, IPAP 5 cm H2O, EPAP 10 cm H2O
d. Leak port in circuit, oxygen bleed in cir-cuit, IPAP 5 cm H2O, EPAP 15 cm H2O
ANS: C
The highest oxygen concentration will occur when the IPAP and EPAP DIFs are lower. The lowest DIF in this question is an IPAP of 5 cm H2O and an EPAP of 10 cm H2O. Also, if the leak port is in the circuit, higher oxygen concentrations are obtained when the oxygen is bled into the patient's mask.
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