Which of the following are potential complications of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy? 1. Barotrauma 2. Hyperventilation 3. Gastric distention 4. Hypercapnia
a. 1 and 3 only
b. 2 and 3 only
c. 1, 3, and 4 only
d. 2, 3, and 4 only
ANS: A
The increased work of breathing caused by the apparatus can lead to hypoventilation and hyper-capnia. In addition, because CPAP does not augment spontaneous ventilation, patients with an accompanying ventilatory insufficiency may hypoventilate during application. Barotrauma is a potential hazard of CPAP and is more likely to occur in the patient with emphysema and blebs. Gastric distention may occur, especially if CPAP pressures above 15 cm H2O are needed.
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