¡Vaa ser genial! Ramón and doña Rosa, the owner of a home that houses university students, are talking. Ramón is very excited about the plans he is making for a party. Imagine the feelings of several people involved and the condition of doña Rosa's house. Complete each sentence in a logical manner with the correct form of estar and an appropriate adjective from the list. Use five different adjectives.
aburrido enfermo
contento ordenado
desordenado preocupado
emocionado triste
A los otros residentes de la casa les gustan las fiestas. Ellos _______________
?
____________________.
What will be an ideal response?
están contentos/emocionados
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The subject of this essay is
(1) In the United States today, despite the warnings, an estimated 25.9 million men and 22.8 million women are smokers. Every day, about 3,000 people under the age of eighteen become smokers. Still, though, four out of every five smokers wish they could quit. For a number of reasons, every individual who smokes should try very hard to kick the habit. (2) One obvious reason to stop smoking is to save money—quite a lot of it, as a matter of fact. The cost of a pack of cigarettes is now about $6, so a two-packs-a-day smoker will pay $360 per month and $4,320 per year to support his or her habit. This is money that could be stashed away in a savings account and spent on a home, a car, or a dream vacation. Americans often have inadequate savings accounts, and they could improve their finances by paying saved cash rather than charging the cost of purchases on credit cards. (3) The most important reason to stop smoking, though, is to improve health. Smokers are more likely than nonsmokers to suffer from colds, headaches, and insomnia. A third of smokers complain of debilitating fatigue, chronic bronchitis, and other respiratory disorders. Worst of all, though, smoking causes a host of deadly diseases; in fact, it is a major cause of heart attack, stroke, and cancer. Every year, 480,000 people die from tobacco-related diseases in the United States alone. (4) Smoking causes bad breath and yellows teeth. It also leaves a foul odor in the hair, clothing, and surroundings of not only the person who smokes but also everyone in close proximity to the smoker. Smoking ages the skin, too, making smokers look older than their years. (5) Because smoking harmful in all of these respects, the best thing smokers can do for themselves and their loved ones is quit. They should try all of options available, such as nicotine patches and smoking cessation programs. Quitting is a difficult thing to do, but it’s worth it. A) reasons to quit smoking. B) unhealthy habits. C) tobacco-related diseases.
The sentence that is not essential to a summary of paragraph 3 is:
1. A poison is any substance that can harm the body, sometimes seriously enough to create a medical emergency. In the United States, there are more than a million reported cases of poisoning annually. Although some of these result from murder or suicide attempts, most are accidental and involve young children. These incidents usually involve common substances such as medications, petroleum products, cosmetics, and pesticides. In fact, a surprisingly large percentage of chemicals in everyday use contain substances that are poisonous if misused. 2. We usually think of a poison as some kind of liquid or solid chemical that has been ingested by the poisoning victim. Although this is often the case, many living organisms are capable of producing a toxin, a substance that is poisonous to humans. For example, some mushrooms and other common plants can be poisonous if eaten. These include some varieties of house plants, including the rubber plant and certain parts of holiday plants such as mistletoe and holly berries. In addition, bacterial contaminants in food may produce toxins, some of which can cause deadly diseases (such as botulism). 3. A great number of substances can be considered poisonous, with different people reacting differently to various poisons. As odd as it may seem, what may be a dangerous poison for one person may have little effect on another. For most poisonous substances, the reaction is far more serious in the ill, the very young, and the elderly. 4. Poisons can be classified into four types, according to how they enter the body: • Ingested poisons (poisons that are swallowed) can include many common household and industrial chemicals, medications, improperly prepared or stored foods, plant materials, and agricultural products made specially to control weeds, pests, and crop diseases. • Inhaled poisons (poisons that are breathed in) take the form of gases, vapors, and sprays. Again, many of these substances are in common use in the home, industry, and agriculture. Such poisons include carbon monoxide (from car exhaust, wood- burning stoves, and furnaces), ammonia, chlorine, insect sprays, and the gases produced from volatile liquid chemicals. • Absorbed poisons (poisons taken into the body through unbroken skin) may or may not damage the skin. Many are corrosives or irritants that will injure the skin and then be slowly absorbed into body tissues and the bloodstream; others are absorbed into the bloodstream without injuring the skin. Examples of these poisons include insecticides, agricultural chemicals, plant materials, and certain forms of marine life. • Injected poisons (poisons inserted through the skin) enter the body through a means that penetrates the skin. The most common injected poisons include illicit drugs injected with a needle and venoms injected by snake fangs or insect stingers. a. Many substances can be considered poisonous. b. Different people react differently to various poisons. c. It may seem odd how dangerous poisons have little effect on some people. d. The reaction to most poisons is more serious in the ill, the very young, and the elderly.
Leggi il seguente brano e poi completa le frasi scegliendo la risposta corretta secondo quanto letto.
Se si può dire che ogni città italiana, ogni piccolo paese si contraddistingue per una cucina tradizionale variata non fa eccezione a questa regola un alimento che troviamo su tutte le tavole della penisola: il pane. Oggi, in quasi tutte le panetterie possiamo trovare ogni tipo di pane ma fino a non molto tempo fa ogni città produceva quasi esclusivamente il pane tradizionale cittadino o regionale: la rosetta lombarda, la pagnotta pugliese, la piadina romagnola, la tigella toscana, la coppia ferrarese, il pane di Altamura, la ciabatta umbra, il pane carasau sardo, il pane toscano e tanti altri. Gli ingredienti base per fare il pane sono farina, acqua, lievito (yeast) e sale ma solo i primi tre sono veramente necessari ed è possibile variare le ricette in moltissimi modi: per esempio è possibile preparare pane all’olio, al burro o allo strutto (lard). Tra i pani regionali si distinguono in modo particolare il pane toscano e il pane carasau. Il primo è uno dei pochi prodotti di questo tipo che è preparato senza sale e, proprio per questa ragione, è il pane che meglio si combina con formaggi e salumi perché non interferisce con il loro sapore. Il secondo è il tipico pane sardo ed è conosciuto anche come «carta da musica» per la sua caratteristica sottigliezza (subtlety). Tra le cose che troviamo su tutte le tavole italiane c’è _____. a. l’olio b. il pane c. la pasta
Which of the following statements about this reading selection is false?
a. California schools refuse to change school lunch programs despite rising childhood obesity levels. b. English teacher Ruth Maenpaa noticed that her students' poor spelling was related to frequent texting. c. Immigrant students face challenges at school as they attempt to become acculturated into U.S. society. d. Teachers these days must be flexible and able to respond to changing times.