Which of the following did Robert Merton argue might cause normlessness?
A. racial homogeny
B. social change
C. poverty
D. economic opportunity
B. social change
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__________ criminologists argue that the only effective way to reduce conflict in society is to replace the existing capitalist system in the U.S. with a socialist economic structure
a. Radical-Marxist b. Peacemaking c. Left-realist d. Postmodern
In the United Kingdom, probation officers are called ______.
a. offender managers b. community wardens c. constables d. watchmen
Burgess and Akers argued that criminal behavior and attitudes are more likely to be _____ if they are reinforced, or rewarded, usually by friends, family, or both
a. innate b. learned c. biological d. institutional
__________ clients have been convicted of violent crimes or drug distribution.
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).