Describe participative management, and give at least four factors that help make participative management work.
What will be an ideal response?
Participative management (PM) is the process of involving employees in (a) setting goals, (b) making decisions, (c) solving problems, and (d) making changes in the organization.
Some factors that help make PM work are:
1. Top management is continually involved: Implementing PM must be monitored and managed by top management.
2. Middle and supervisory managers are supportive: These managers tend to resist PM because it reduces their authority. Thus, it's important to gain the support and commitment of managers in these ranks.
3. Employees trust managers: PM is unlikely to succeed when employees don't trust management.
4. Employees are ready: PM is more effective when employees are properly trained, prepared, and interested in participating.
5. Employees don't work in interdependent jobs: Interdependent employees generally don't have a broad understanding of the entire production process, so their PM contribution may actually be counterproductive.
6. PM is implemented with TQM: A study of Fortune 1000 firms during three different years found employee involvement was more effective when it was implemented as part of a broader total quality management (TQM) program.
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