A perinatal nurse assesses a term newborn for respiratory functioning. The nurse will document which of the following findings as normal for a neonate? (Select all that apply.)
A.
Breathing pattern that can be shallow, diaphragmatic, and irregular
B.
Periodic episodes of apnea
C.
Respiratory rate of 20-40 breaths/minute while sleeping
D.
Respiratory rate of 60-80 breaths/minute
E.
The neonate's lung sounds are moist during early auscultation
ANS: A, E
The normal respiratory rate for a healthy term newborn is 40-60 breaths/minute, whether awake or sleeping. The breathing pattern is often shallow, diaphragmatic, and irregular. Apnea is cessation of breathing that lasts more than 20 seconds; it is abnormal in the term neonate. Most fetal fluid is reabsorbed within the first few hours, but in some infants this process may take up to 24 hours, and the lungs may sound moist for the first 24 hours.
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