Which is the least desirable outcome of using an external urinary catheter for a male client?

1. The client urinates at least every 4 hours.
2. The client's urine is dark yellow and clear.
3. The penis' skin under the catheter is dusky.
4. The client applies the catheter independently.


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3. Dusky skin regardless of the location is cause for concern because it is a clinical indicator of tissue hypoxia. If the tissue is hypoxic, the perfusion is probably inade-quate to meet tissue oxygen demand and increases the risk of skin breakdown.
1. Urinating at least every 4 hours is a desirable outcome.
2. Clear urine is a desirable outcome because it indicates urine that is free of sediment and not infected. The dark yellow color can indicate dehydration.
4. Ability to perform self-care for a urinary catheter depends on the physical abilities and motivation of the client, but it is generally a desirable outcome.

Nursing

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