A 2-year-old is hospitalized with a fractured femur.In addition to pain medication,which of the following will best provide pain relief for this child?
1. Parents'presence at the bedside
2. Age-appropriate toys
3. Deep-breathing exercises
4. Videos for the child to watch
Answer:1
Rationale:Parents'presence at the bedside reduces anxiety and subsequently reduces pain. Although play and other methods of distraction might be somewhat effective,they do not equal the comfort that parents'presence provides,especially in a 2-year-old,who is also at high risk for separation anxiety. Planning
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