It is important that a child with acute streptococcal pharyngitis be treated with antibiotics to prevent which condition?
a. Otitis media
b. Diabetes insipidus (DI)
c. Nephrotic syndrome
d. Acute rheumatic fever
ANS: D
Group A hemolytic streptococcal infection is a brief illness with varying symptoms. It is essential that pharyngitis caused by this organism be treated with appropriate antibiotics to avoid the sequelae of acute rheumatic fever and acute glomerulonephritis. The cause of otitis media is either viral or other bacterial organisms. DI is a disorder of the posterior pituitary. Infections such as meningitis or encephalitis, not streptococcal pharyngitis, can cause DI. Glomerulonephritis, not nephrotic syndrome, can result from acute streptococcal pharyngitis.
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