Explain how Helicobacter pylori is able to resist the unfavorable environment of the stomach in order to cause disease
What will be an ideal response?
Helicobacter pylori is able to resist the acidic environment of the stomach using a variety of virulence factors. H. pylori produces a protein which inhibits acid production in the stomach, and produces urease that converts urea to ammonia, which neutralizes stomach acid. H. pylori has flagella that allow it to burrow beneath the mucous layer of the stomach lining, further sheltering the pathogen. It also produces enzymes such as catalase that inhibit phagocytic cell activity.
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Due to the genetic diversity of viruses and their lack of ribosomal RNA, nucleotide-based phylogeny studies are not applicable to virology
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
Hemophilia is caused by an X-linked recessive gene. A normal woman whose father had hemophilia
marries a normal man. What are the chances of hemophilia in their children? What will be an ideal response?
The female plant structure on which a pollen grain will land is the:a
style. b. pistil. c. stigma. d. anther. e. style.
Additional observations were made on day 21, and no yellow-leaved seedlings were found alive in either dish. This is most likely because
(A) yellow-leaved seedlings were unable to absorb water from the paper towels (B) taller green-leaved seedlings blocked the light and prevented photosynthesis (C) yellow-leaved seedlings were unable to convert light energy to chemical energy (D) a higher rate of respiration in yellow-leaved seedlings depleted their stored nutrients