Summarize the influence of bile salts, cholecystokinin (CCK), and secretin on bile production and release

What will be an ideal response?


The most potent stimulus for bile production and the release of bile itself is bile salts. Bile salts are reabsorbed in the last section of the ileum and transported back to the liver through the hepatic portal vein. As bile salts re-enter the liver, bile secretion rises dramatically in a positive feedback loop. Bile secretion continues into the duodenum until the duodenum empties, at which point cholecystokinin (CCK) and secretin levels decline. Bile secretion by the gallbladder is mostly accomplished by CCK and to a small extent by the vagus nerve. Other factors influence bile secretion, including the hormone secretin, which stimulates bile production and release by hepatocytes of the liver.

Anatomy & Physiology

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Anatomy & Physiology