Explain how an experiment is used to understand the cause of a phenomenon by describing the three conditions for causal inference an experiment meets.
What will be an ideal response?
Researchers conduct an experiment when they manipulate an independent variable and observe the effects of the manipulation on a dependent variable measure. When differences on the dependent variable are observed for the conditions of the independent variable, covariation is met (i.e., different scores on the dependent variable covary with different conditions of the independent variable). In addition, because differences on the dependent variable are observed after the independent variable manipulation, the second condition for causal inference-time-order relationship-is met. When the experiment is free of confoundings the researcher is able to eliminate alternative explanations for the outcome, the third condition for causal inference.
You might also like to view...
A sample of difference scores has a mean of MD = 5 with a variance of s2 = 100 . If effect size is measured using Cohen's d, what is the value of d?
a. 5/10 b. 5/100 c. 25/100 d. Cannot determine without knowing the sample size
Ronald is experiencing reduced sensation and difficulty moving his right arm. His neurologist is likely to look for damage in which of the following places?
A. The sensory and motor cortical areas of the left hemisphere. B. The sensory and motor cortical areas of the right hemisphere. C. The sensory cortical areas of the right hemisphere and the motor cortical areas of the left hemisphere. D. The sensory cortical areas of the left hemisphere and the motor cortical areas of the right hemisphere.
What is the process of mentally drawing inferences by making comparisons among objects?
A) seriation B) transitive inference C) dynamic transformations D) decentration
A panic disorders onset is ____. Although almost any pattern of attacks is possible, the most common appears to be a chronic one of waxing and waning symptoms.
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).