Upon entering the room, the nurse observes the 78-year-old patient reading an information brochure at the end of her extended arms. What ocular disorder is this patient likely experiencing?
A) Cataracts
B) Age-related macular degeneration
C) Presbyopia
D) Chronic open-angle glaucoma
Ans: C
Feedback: This patient is exhibiting characteristic symptoms associated with presbyopia. Presbyopia is a refractive change that results in the loss of accommodative power in the lens with aging. Characteristics of presbyopia include the need to hold reading materials at a distance in order to focus, and a need for increased light. Reading glasses or bifocals are required for presbyopia. Patients with cataracts report an increased glare, decreased vision, and changes in color values due to opacities in the normally crystalline lens. This opacity affects the focus of a sharp image on the retina. With age-related macular degeneration, reading may be affected, but words may be missing letters, faded areas appear on the page, and straight lines appear wavy due to scarring of the macula. Chronic open-angle glaucoma is characterized by optic nerve damage, visual field defects, and fluctuations in intraocular pressure. Patients affected by this condition may have no symptoms or may complain of ocular pain, headaches, and halos.
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