The valence electron of a sodium atom does not sense the full +11 of the sodium nucleus. Why not?
A. Since the +11 charge is spread evenly around the entire spherical surface of the nucleus, the actual force of the charge in any given direction is greatly diminished.
B. There are two inner shells of electrons containing ten electrons shielding the sodium nucleus from sensing it.
C. The distance from the nucleus to the loosely held lone valence electron varies greatly over time. So, the average sense of charge from the nucleus is considerably less than +11.
D. There are two "nonvalence shell" electrons shielding the sodium nucleus from sensing it.
Answer: B
You might also like to view...
This secondary pollutant is the source of most acid precipitation problems in the Northeast: ________
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
How is the following paragraph consistent with the nature of science? This is an excerpt from the NASA NEO website. "As is often the case, the possibility of future Earth impacts for some near-Earth objects cannot be entirely ruled out until the uncertainties associated with their trajectories are reduced as a result of either future position observations, or in this case, heretofore unrecognized, pre-discovery observations. When these additional observations were used to update the orbit of 2004 MN4, the uncertainties associated with this object's future positions in space were reduced to such an extent that none of the object's possible trajectories can impact the Earth (or Moon) in 2029."
A. Science is tentative. B. Science relies on empirical observations. C. Science is limited by technology. D. All of the choices are correct. E. None of the choices are correct.
An approach to geography that focuses on the characteristics of places and regions is called ________
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
How did China come to be divided into China and Taiwan? What was, and currently is, the state of relations between these two countries?
What will be an ideal response?