Briefly describe the scientific method of research.
What will be an ideal response?
Key terms and concepts that may be included in student responses:
? Define the problem specifically
? Formulate the hypothesis (a testable statement of what we predict will happen in the study)
? Null hypothesis (a prediction that there is no relationship between the phenomena being studied)
? Variable (a factor or characteristic that can vary within an individual or between individuals)
? Dependent variable (a factor being predicted in a study)
? Independent variable (a factor the researcher believes will affect the dependent variable)
? Choose and implement a method
? Operationalization (the way a variable is manipulated in a study)
? Data are collected and analyzed, appropriate conclusions are drawn
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The current approach to the psychology of women is more likely than the approach during the 1970s to emphasize that
a. the similarities among women are much greater than the differences between them. b. gender differences in salary can best be explained by women's lack of self-confidence. c. the most important distinction among people is gender; other factors such as social class and ethnic background are relatively unimportant. d. gender is an extremely complex topic.
The Gesell scale
a. presents strong evidence of reliability in the test manual. b. presents strong evidence of validity in the test manual. c. has an excellent normative sample. d. is based on a longitudinal study of early human development.
Cells releasing orexins (hypocretins) become more active when
A. both leptin and ghrelin levels are high. B. both leptin and ghrelin levels are low. C. leptin levels are low and ghrelin levels are high. D. leptin levels are high and ghrelin levels are low.
Fibers from the mechanoreceptors make their first synapses in the
A. dorsal root ganglia of the cerebellum. B. dorsal column nuclei of the medulla. C. the VP nucleus of the thalamus. D. primary somatosensory cortex.