When evaluating an external monitor tracing of a woman in active labor, the nurse notes that the fetal heart rate begins to decelerate at the onset of several contractions and returns to baseline before each contraction ends. The nurse should:
a. Insert an internal monitor for more accurate evaluation.
b. Change the woman's position.
c. Prepare for an emergency delivery.
d. Document the findings on the patient's record.
ANS: D
This pattern is typical of early decelerations, with the fetal heart rate decreasing at the onset of uterine contractions, staying within normal range, and returning to baseline by the end of the contraction. A common cause of early decelerations is fetal head compression, stimulating a benign transient vagal response of the fetal parasympathetic nervous system; it requires no intervention other than documentation.
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