Significant pharmacodynamic variations exist between adult patients and pediatric patients
Which of the following factors are known to contribute to differences in the ways that drugs affect target cells in children and infants? Select all that apply. A) Inability of children to accurately describe adverse effects
B) Immaturity of children's organ systems
C) Differences in the body composition of children
D) The lack of active immunity in children
E) Differences in the function of humoral immunity in children
B, C
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Immature organ systems and changing body compositions mean that drugs affect children differently. Causes of pharmacodynamic variability across the lifespan include differences in body composition, immature systems, and genetic makeup. Total body water, fat stores, and protein amounts change throughout childhood and greatly influence the effectiveness of drugs in the pediatric population. Children are indeed less able to describe adverse effects, but this is not a pharmacodynamics variation. Differences in the function of the immune system are not noted to significantly influence pharmacodynamics.
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