A patient diagnosed with sepsis suddenly develops dyspnea, crackles, agitation, and confusion. The nurse recognizes these are symptoms of which health problem?
1. noncardiogenic pulmonary edema
2. right-sided heart failure
3. left-sided heart failure
4. constrictive pericarditis
Correct Answer: 1
Sepsis is a condition associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Manifestations of ARDS include dyspnea, crackles, agitation, and confusion, which are associated with noncardiogenic pulmonary edema. Right-sided heart failure, left-sided heart failure, and constrictive pericarditis are considered cardiogenic causes for pulmonary edema.
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