A nurse is describing the multifactorial perspective of mental health and illness to the parents of a child recently diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. Which statement would the nurse utilize when describing this approach?
1. Exposure to drugs and alcohol has been associated with psychiatric disorders.
2. Early psychological trauma may create deficits or abnormalities in brain structure.
3. The child's genetically determined attributes and life experiences interact to influence mental health outcomes.
4. The feedback mechanism appears dysfunctional, creating neurotoxic effects on brain development and function.
Answer: 3
Explanation: The best explanation of the multifactorial nature of psychiatric disorders is that genetically determined attributes and life experiences interact to influence mental health outcomes. Discussing the association of exposure to drugs and alcohol to psychiatric disorders partially explains complications occurring during the perinatal period as a cause of some mental illnesses. Discussing the effects of early psychological trauma on brain structure partially explains nervous system responsiveness. Discussing feedback mechanism dysfunction would provide a partial explanation of neuroendocrine reactivity.
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