Accumulating evidence suggests that the gender gap in mathematics is related to
A) achievement motivation.
B) early parental interactions.
C) faster development of the right cerebral cortex in boys than in girls.
D) boys' superior spatial reasoning skills.
D
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Sociometer theory assumes we all possess a sociometer whose function is to . . .
a. Keep us from doing anything that will cause us to be ostracized by our group b. Monitor our social environment for cues in changes in our relational value c. Help us respect the opinions of people we dislike d. Measure the real social value of others
Which of the following has NOT been found to relate to adolescents' religiosity?
A) Race/ethnicity B) Religious denomination C) Area of residence in the U.S. D) Age of parents
Charlotte's parents want to facilitate their 12-month-old daughter's ability to communicate with them. They can do this, at least in the short term, by
a. using adult-directed speech whenever they speak to her b. discouraging her from using gestural communication, since it may interfere with the development of spoken language c. speaking to her less often d. accompanying their spoken words with symbolic gestures that they use consistently
The self-system, as described by Bandura, is best described as what?
A) A set of cognitive processes that weigh the outcome expectancy with the reinforcement value B) A set of cognitive processes that develops throughout a person's lifespan to help he or she create reoccurring patterns of behavior that work in all situations C) A set of cognitive processes that aid a person in accomplishing goals that will better his or her chances at survival D) A set of cognitive personality variables that captures one's habitual means of interpreting events in his or her life E) A theory that describes how people have a sense of self-preservation