An electricity provider charges consumers $0.20 per kWh for the first 100 kWh, $0.25 per kWh for the next 50 kWh, and $0.27 per kWh for all subsequent kWH of usage. This would be considered
A) an antitrust violation.
B) an example of increasing-block pricing.
C) bad business practices.
D) an example of three-part pricing.
B
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In the movie "Baby Boom", Dianne Keaton finds out that a relative tragically died in an accident and bequeathed her an infant. The movie then explores how Dianne Keaton makes fundamentally different choices as a result of this unexpected change in her life. It makes the point that new parents often emphasize -- our "tastes change" when children enter the household. a. Consider Dianne Keaton's budget constraint over leisure (on the horizontal axis) and consumption (on the vertical). What is the slope of the budget constraint? Indicate her optimal choice A prior to finding out she suddenly has an infant child. b. Suppose that the child came with a trust fund that permits Dianne Keaton to charge any child-related expenses to that fund. Thus, the child does not come with any additional
expenses - and the budget constraint you derived in part (a) does not change. Still, we observe that Dianne Keaton now chooses more leisure and less consumption. What must have happened to the marginal rate of substitution at the bundle A in order for us to make sense of Dianne Keaton's change in behavior? c. Draw the indifference curve through A before and after Dianne Keaton finds out she suddenly has a child. If you ordinarily saw two such indifference curves (outside the context of this example), could you think that these could emerge from the same map of indifference curves or would you think they represent indifference curves from two different people whose tastes differ? Explain. d. Economists tend to resist the temptation of explaining changes in behavior as resulting from changes in tastes. Rather, we tend to think of changes in behavior as arising from changes in circumstances. Suppose that Dianne Keaton's tastes are actually over three "goods" - consumption of goods and leisure -- and "consumption" of children. Dianne Keaton's true indifference curves would thus be three dimensional - with your graphs so far representing two dimensional "slices". When viewed in this light, could the 2-dimensional indifference curves you graphed in (c) arise from a single set of 3-dimensional indifference surfaces? Explain (without attempting to graph anything in 3 dimensions). e. Suppose that it had always been an option for Dianne Keaton to adopt a child, and suppose that the cost of doing so is negligible. If Dianne Keaton reports being happier after she inherits her relative's child, was she fully optimizing before (assuming that she attaches no particular value to the fact that the child she inherited was her relative's)? f. In principle, could Dianne Keaton's tastes be such that she works more when she gets the child and is still happier than before? Under the usual assumption about tastes - and treating children the way we treat goods - could Dianne Keaton be less happy as a result of getting the child? What will be an ideal response?
An increase in the price of the cheese used to produce pizza shifts the supply curve of pizza ________ and shifts the demand curve for pizza ________
A) rightward; leftward B) leftward; leftward C) leftward; not at all D) not at all; leftward
The actual unemployment rate is equal to ________
A) the natural rate of unemployment plus the cyclical rate B) the natural rate of unemployment minus the cyclical rate C) the natural rate of unemployment times the cyclical rate D) the natural rate of unemployment divided by the cyclical rate
The idea of policy making being undertaken as a response to a change in the economy is referred to as
A) active policy making. B) non-discretionary policy making. C) passive policy making. D) Keynesianism.