Describe the function of the measures of variability; identify two of these measures; and explain how to calculate these two measures
What will be an ideal response?
Answer will include that the measures of variability provide a single number that tells how "spread out" scores are. When the scores are widely spread, this number gets larger. When they are close together, it gets smaller. The simplest way to indicate this "spread" is to use a measure called the range. The range is the difference between the highest and lowest scores in a group of scores. To obtain the standard deviation, one must first find the deviation (or difference) of each score from the mean and then square it. Then, these squared deviations are added and averaged (the total is divided by the number of deviations). Finally, by taking the square root of this average, one obtains the standard deviation.
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Morgan has become self-reflective about her thoughts and now thinks about ideas such as "democracy" and "honor," as well as makes projections regarding the future. Morgan is most likely in which cognitive stage?
a. formal operational
b. concrete operational
c. preoperational
d. preconventional
Regarding the interview process, which of the following statements is FALSE?
a. Interviews provide rapid insight into a person's personality. b. Interviews make it possible to observe a person's "body language" which is important because these cues may radically alter the message sent. c. People sometimes try to deceive interviewers, such as a person accused of a crime pretending to be mentally disabled to avoid punishment. d. The tendency to generalize a favorable (or unfavorable) impression to an entire personality is known as the chameleon effect.
Research on how people respond to informed consent forms has revealed that
a. many Americans don't read well enough to understand what they are reading on the informed consent forms. b. many people do not bother to read the informed consent forms because they trust the researchers. c. the informed consent forms often omit information important for people to understand the research d. people are often upset after learning what they will have to undergo if they participate in the research.
List the three reasons for studying motor learning and control discussed in the class text. (All three must be correct for a correct answer.)