Explain why an organ transplant made between a donor of blood group AB and a recipient of blood group O will always be rejected, even if it is perfectly HLA-matched and the recipient has been given immunosuppressant drugs
What is this type of rejection called?
What will be an ideal response?
The organ would be rejected immediately by the process of hyperacute rejection as a result of the presence in the recipient's blood of preformed antibodies against the A and B blood group antigens present on the tissues of the graft. Such antibodies are made early in life as a result of exposure to common bacteria that carry surface carbohydrates similar to those on human cells. A person of blood group O would have made antibodies against bacterial ‘A' and ‘B' antigens, because the person does not have these antigens on their own cells and is thus not tolerant to them. These preexisting anti-A and anti-B antibodies in the recipient's blood will immediately attack the endothelium of blood vessels throughout the transplant, which expresses the A and B blood group antigens. Blood vessels become occluded through thrombus formation. The graft is deprived of oxygen and becomes engorged with blood hemorrhaging from leaky blood vessels. Hyperacute rejection occurs almost immediately after transplantation and cannot be treated once it has started.
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What will be an ideal response?
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Fill in the blank with the right word.
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What will be an ideal response?
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Fill in the blank(s) with correct word