It was a common belief in the 1500s that which of these was the cause of mental illness?
a. Imbalances in bodily fluids
b. Enlarged brain
c. Evil spirits
d. Infection
c. Evil spirits
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Soon after a woman has been raped, she typically
a. tries to discuss her emotional reactions with close friends. b. recalls very little about the assault. c. blames the rapist for the attack, even if she provoked the attack. d. feels helpless, and she blames herself for the assault.
Much of the time, people engage in altruistic behavior because doing so makes them feel good. Is it correct to conclude, then, that altruistic acts are fundamentally selfish? Or should such acts be considered altruistic despite their seemingly selfish motives? What do the textbook authors conclude about this?
a. Such acts are best thought of as selfish (ego-driven). b. Such acts are best thought of as helpful (driven by social conscience). c. Such acts are best thought of as selfish AND helpful. Indeed, instead of pitting these drives against one another, the authors are positive about the evolution of these acts in general. d. Such acts are best thought of as selfish (ego-driven) UNLESS they involve clear self-sacrifices.
In therapy, a psychologist tries to convince a depressed woman that her actions do affect the environment and that even though uncontrollable events happened in the past, they need not happen again. This therapist is making use of principles from ____
a. psychodynamic theory c. the biogenic theory of depression b. learned helplessness theory d. the cognitive triad
Sandra rushes over to her friend Denise’s house because Denise is distraught over a recent breakup with her boyfriend. Even though Sandra has a term paper due the next day, she wants to console Denise because she knows Denise would do the same for her. This is an example of ____
a. mutual kinship b. anticipatory cooperation c. atypical selflessness d. reciprocal altruism