Explain the relationship among post-formal cognitive development, experience, and metacognition.
What will be an ideal response?
Post-formal cognitive development depends on experience and metacognition, the ability to reflect on one's thought process. When individuals are exposed to situations and reasoning that challenges their knowledge and belief systems they may be motivated to consider the adequacy of their own reasoning processes and modify them as needed. Social interaction is critical to post-formal development. Discussing and considering multiple perspectives and solutions to a problem can spur individuals to evaluate their own reasoning. With maturation, young people become more likely to compare their reasoning process and justifications with others. When their justifications fall short, adults seek a more adequate explanation and adjust their thinking accordingly. Advancement to post-formal reasoning is associated with contextual factors; specifically, exposure to realistic but ambiguous problems with diverging information, as well as supportive guidance, such as that which is often a part of college education within Western cultures.
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Remembering specific experiences in your life is a special type of declarative memory known as _________ memory
Fill in the blank(s) with correct word
Compared to those of women, friendships between men are
virtually nonexistent. less emotional. a significant threat to marriage. less likely to be aggressive and competiti
Adults who had a secure attachment in childhood report ____
a. more guilt and loneliness c. more anxiety and shame b. more positive childhood experiences d. lower levels of self-esteem
Which of the following is TRUE regarding Freud's legacy for future thinkers?
a. Its focus on the scientific method has led to stronger ways of studying child development. b. Its emphasis on the emotional needs of children has influenced how educators understand children's behavior. c. Its focus on the importance of genetics has led to modern researchers' understanding of how genetics and environment intersect. d. There has been no further examination of issues in child development initially identified by Freud.