Metabolic acidosis can be divided clinically into two forms: normal anion gap acidosis and high anion gap acidosis. What causes normal anion gap acidosis?
A) Constipation
B) Small bowel fistulas
C) Late renal insufficiency
D) Excessive administration of chloride
Ans: D
Feedback: Normal anion gap acidosis results from the direct loss of bicarbonate, as in diarrhea, lower intestinal fistulas, ureterostomies, and use of diuretics; early renal insufficiency; excessive administration of chloride; and the administration of parenteral nutrition without bicarbonate or bicarbonate-producing solutes (eg, lactate). Based on these facts, options A, B, and C are incorrect.
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