Irving Janis was fascinated by how a group of intelligent men such as President John F. Kennedy and his advisors could make such a disastrous decision when they authorized the ill-fated Bay of Pigs invasion
To find out, Janis began his study of decision-making in groups that eventually led to the phenomenon of "groupthink." Janis's hypothesis-generating heuristic could best be described as
a. an attempt to resolve conflicting results.
b. an effort to understand a paradoxical incident.
c. an effort to improve on older ideas.
d. the use of metaphors.
b
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Which of the following people provides the best summary of theories about gender development?
a. Heather: "According to social learning theory, young children only develop concepts about gender if they are raised in highly gender-stereotyped homes.". b. Jason: "Research has shown that rewards, punishments, and modeling are by far the most important factors in gender development.". c. Uma: "Freud's psychoanalytic theory currently provides the best explanation of gender development.". d. Samant: "Both social learning theory and cognitive developmental theory are necessary in order to explain gender development.".
Tsvi, a three-month-old baby, stops crying when he hears his parents' OK Computer CD. Now, whenever he begins to cry, his parents play OK Computer. Tsvi's parents' behavior of playing the CD is the result of ____.?
a. ?classical conditioning b. ?habituation c. ?learned helplessness d. ?operant conditioning
In a study by Bowers and colleagues (1990), participants were shown three words and were asked to generate a fourth word consistent with the series. These researchers found that participants:
A) could not distinguish series that were solvable from those that were not above chance levels. B) exhibited a strong bias to report that series were solvable. C) exhibited a strong bias to report that series were unsolvable. D) could classify series as solvable or unsolvable, even if they could not solve them.
When children and adolescents mimic a previous suicide or imitate the suicide of a celebrity or close friend, this is considered a ____
a. "copy cat" suicide b. "black box" warning c. "bullycide" d. correlate of suicide