A P. bursaria cell that has lost its zoochlorellae is aposymbiotic. If aposymbiotic cells have population growth rates the same as those of healthy,
zoochlorella-containing P. bursaria in well-lit environments with plenty of prey items, then such an observation would be consistent with which type of relationship?
A) parasitic
B) commensalistic
C) toxic
D) mutualistic
B
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Nicotine from cigarette smoke acts as a ligand and associates with specific proteins on the surface cells in the brain, causing feelings of pleasure and well-being. Below are the events that happen in the cellular response to nicotine
Place the events in the correct order to describe the five basic steps in the pathway of a signal transduction system. A. receptor binding B. receptor activation C. signal transduction D. response E. termination The opening of an ion channel as a result of nicotine association is an example of _________________. ________________ occurs when an influx of ions causes an action potential, which carries the signal to the reward areas of the brain. Nicotine interaction with the transmembrane protein that normally binds the neurotransmitter acetylcholine is an example of _________________. ________________ occurs when the signal causes release of dopamine in the brain, which causes relaxation and feelings of well-being. Rapid elimination of nicotine from the body is an example of ____________. What will be an ideal response?
Which of the following statements contrasting simple versus complex multicellularity is true?
A. Complex multicellular organisms show a large degree of cellular differentiation, whereas simple multicellular organisms show little differentiation of specialized cell types. B. Cell or tissue loss in a simple multicellular organism can be lethal for the entire organism, whereas cell or tissue loss in a complex multicellular organism does not lead to death of the entire organism. C. Highly specialized molecular mechanisms allow for adhesion between cells in simple multicellular organisms, but not in complex multicellular organisms. D. Only some cells are in direct contact with the environment in simple multicellular organisms, whereas all cells are in direct contact with the environment in complex multicellular organisms. E. Most or all of the cells in a complex multicellular organism are capable of reproduction, whereas only a subset of cells contributes to reproduction in simple multicellular organisms.
E. coli is a common YAC
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
Which type of roots are also known as prop roots?
A. Adventitious roots B. Aerating roots C. Aerial roots D. Contractile roots E. Coarse roots