Johnny is intellectual disabled and is learning to take care of his supervised apartment at the residential center, to keep his clothes clean, and to cook simple foods. The therapist will be using tokens to improve Johnny's independent living skills. Johnny will be able to exchange these tokens for trips to the bowling alley, the mall, or a movie. The therapist initially rewards Johnny for
attempting each target behavior. As the training proceeds, Johnny will be required to gradually improve his performance of these skills, such as his food preparation progressing from making sandwiches to actually cooking various foods using the microwave and stove. This gradual improvement of Johnny's independent living skills is an example of the use of
a. shaping.
b. reciprocal inhibition.
c. classical conditioning.
d. systematic desensitization.
A
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Liz sustained a head injury in a car accident. When she was fully awake, the doctor approached her and asked her questions such as "What is the last thing you remember?" and "When were you born?" Liz was able to answer all these questions correctly. In this scenario, the questions asked to Liz summon up__________
A) unconscious information B) nonconscious information C) conscious information D) preconscious information E) Select
Which of the following was of particular interest to Socrates?
a. How the universe came into existence b. Why some people are more intelligent than others c. What makes someone virtuous d. Why aging occurs
Test designers engage in standardization by giving IQ tests to
A) a large, representative sample. B) individuals who primarily represent the majority culture. C) individuals who are more diverse than the population for which the test is being normed. D) individuals who have no previous exposure to intelligence tests.