Describe several "executive function" differences between younger and older children, and spell out what adults can do about this.
What will be an ideal response?
Young children cannot effectively use rehearsal to memorize material. They are not as able to selectively attend and to inhibit their immediate responses. Teachers and other adults should actively scaffold these skills, by teaching organizational and learning strategies. Adults also need to take a child-friendly approach—not expecting too much of young children in terms of listening or sitting skill—understanding that remembering "to do" several different tasks is problematic at any age, and realizing that executive functions naturally improve as the frontal lobes mature.
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Some epidemiological studies, using instruments like the Dissociative Experiences Questionnaire (DEQ), have reported high rates of dissociative symptoms, but these studies are viewed skeptically because
a. dissociative symptoms cannot be measured based on self-reports. b. the symptoms measured by the DEQ are far less dramatic than those found in dissociative disorders. c. there is no agreement as to what dissociative symptoms should be measured. d. people with real dissociative disorders are not able to complete the DEQ.
Which of the following is an incorrect statement of the evidence that language is an adaptation?
a. Some people inherit the tendency to make certain grammatical errors when using language. b. The human ear is perfectly tailored to meet the needs of spoken language. c. Children learn language relatively slowly. d. Children are not taught the rules of language in a systematic fashion.
An experiment in which neither the subjects nor the experimenters administering the drugs know who is receiving the real drug or a placebo is called a __________ experiment
a. naturalistic b. random control c. placebo-blind d. double-blind
Experiencing intense fear while reliving a shocking event in dreams, flashbacks, or intrusive thoughts describes
a) a major hassle. b) a major life event. c) posttraumatic stress disorder. d) the general adaptation syndrome.