Your friend has just been promoted to CEO of her company and is considering moving to more centralization of authority. What drawbacks to this approach would you point out to your friend?
What will be an ideal response?
Centralization is the concentration of authority at the top of the managerial hierarchy. If authority is very centralized, only managers at the top make important decisions, and subordinates simply follow orders. This arrangement gives top managers great control over organizational activities and helps ensure that the organization is pursuing its strategy, but it makes it difficult for the people who are closest to problems and issues to respond to them in a timely manner. It also can reduce the motivation of middle and first-line managers and make them less flexible and adaptable because they become reluctant to make decisions on their own, even when doing so is necessary.
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Some bacteria are strict aerobes and others are strict anaerobes. Some bacteria, however, are facultative anaerobes and can live with or without oxygen. If given the choice of using oxygen or not, which pathway should a facultative anaerobe perform?
A. Use oxygen since aerobic metabolism provides more ATP per molecule of carbohydrate than anaerobic metabolism. B. Avoid using oxygen since anaerobic metabolism provides more ATP per molecule of carbohydrate than aerobic metabolism. C. It doesn't matter; both processes will produce the same results.
In terms of system thinking, what is data entered in a computer?
A. Output B. Process C. Input D. Feedback
The Fortune Company reported the following income for Year 2:Sales$130,000 Cost of goods sold 80,000 Gross margin$50,000 Selling and administrative expense 15,000 Operating income$35,000 Interest expense 5,000 Income before taxes$30,000 Income tax expense 10,000 Net income$20,000 What is the company's number of times interest earned ratio?
A. 7 times B. 4 times C. 6 times D. None of these answers is correct.
Which of the following statements will be more effective if the numbers in it are expressed in words?
A. The company's fixed expenses totaled $15,000. B. The club will celebrate its 125th anniversary next year. C. The firm received 1000s of customer orders for its product. D. The business report has 354 pages in total.