Your examination of a newly admitted patient reveals that the patient's vital signs are pulse 68, respirations 22, temperature 37.2C, and blood pressure 130/88 . You hypothesize that the pulse pressure is which of the following?
a. 42 c. 59
b. 47 d. 62
B
Pulse pressure is the difference between the diastolic and systolic blood pressure (SBP) and reflects the stroke volume. It is normally about one-third the SBP. An increased pulse pressure can result from increased stroke volume (aortic regurgitation) or increased peripheral vasodilatation (fever, anemia, heat, exercise, hyperthyroidism, and arteriovenous fistula). A decreased pulse pressure can result from a decreased stroke volume (cardiac failure or tamponade, shock, and tachycardia) or increased peripheral resistance (aortic stenosis, coarctation of the aorta, and mitral stenosis or regurgitation). The formula for computing the patient's pulse pressure is: 130 - 88 = 42.
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A nurse is preparing an intravenous IV piggyback infusion. In which order will the nurse perform the steps, starting with the first one?
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