What is the developmental progression of prosocial behavior from the age of 18 months through 5 years of age?
What will be an ideal response?
Toddlers at the age of 18 months demonstrate prosocial behavior by helping adults instrumentally. They will help adults reach a simple action-based goal such as getting something for them. Between 18 and 24 months of age, toddlers show an increase in prosocial responses to others' emotional and physical distress and respond with expressions of concern and comfort. When children reach 3.5 years of age, they show more complex forms of instrumental assistance, such as bringing a needed object to an adult without the adult asking for it. The children have the ability to select an object appropriate to the adult's need without direction. Between 3 and 5 years of age, young children show selectivity in prosocial behavior. They share more with children and adults, and closer to the age of 5 will share with peers they dislike. Prosocial behavior increases throughout early childhood and reflects a more advanced understanding of others' perspectives and goals.
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An important strength of naturalistic observation is that it allows researchers to ______.
A. implement their own coding system B. draw conclusions about behavior without analyzing data C. observe behaviors in real-world settings D. exercise control over the environment
Psychologists use __________ when they want to determine to what extent two variables, traits, or attributes are related to one another
FIll in the blank with correct word.
When both the researchers and the participants of the study are uninformed about the nature of the independent variable being administered, this is known as
a. correlational. b. humanistic. c. functionalist. d. placebo. e. double-blind.
Infant intelligence tests are somewhat better at making long-term predications for __________ babies
A) extremely high-scoring B) average- to high-scoring C) low- to average-scoring D) extremely low-scoring