During which phase of a capnogram does inhalation occur?
a. Phase 1
b. Phase 2
c. Phase 3
d. Phase 4
ANS: D
During inhalation the capnogram will have a zero reading because there is no exhalation of car-bon dioxide (CO2). As soon as the exhalation phase begins there is rise of the waveform. In phase 1, the initial gas exhaled is from the conducting airways, which contain low levels of CO2 from inspired air. During phase 2, alveolar gas containing CO2 mixes with gas from the anatomical airways and the CO2 concentration rises. In phase 3, the curve plateaus as alveolar gas is exhaled. In phase 4, the concentration falls to zero because inspiration is occurring.
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