Norms can spread through many ways, including all of the following except
a. through international organizations.
b. from state to state.
c. among transnational groups of government experts.
d. through military coercion and war.
d
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The number of signatures needed to qualify an initiative for the ballot is based on ______.
A. the total number of registered voters at the point in time when signatures are validated B. an estimate of eligible voters in the state C. a percentage of all votes cast for governor in the last gubernatorial election D. the number of voters who turned out for the last election
Which of the following decisions is considered binding?
a. the minority opinion b. the majority opinion c. the concurring opinion d. the dissenting opinion
An interviewer asks someone which candidate she supports and then tells her something to try to change her mind. That would be an example of which of the following? ?
a. A push poll b. Overt content c. A favorability poll d. A leading question
What is (are) the Nash equilibrium (equilibria) in the game?
In 2006, there were a number of media reports about the next generation of DVD players, which produce much clearer picture and sound than that produced by current machines. However, there are two competing formats, Blu-ray (Sony) and HD DVD (Toshiba). Both are affiliated with certain movie studios, which have agreed to release their movies in one or the other of the new formats. This creates a problem for the producers of this new technology—they all want their own version to win out, but by competing they make it entirely likely that most consumers will sit back and wait until (a) one of the formats is a clear winner or (b) a newer, even better, method of supplying movies is developed by someone else. If the latter happens, both Sony and Toshiba lose out.
Imagine that both companies have developed a new product, but with different formats. If one of the companies would be willing to switch quickly (assume that copyright laws would allow it to produce something similar), that company would lose some time and market share but be able to get into the market. Consumers would be more willing to buy the new technology, and both companies would make more money. If neither company is willing to coordinate with the other, they end up in a war of attrition, with fewer customers. This is shown in the game below.
A. Switch to Blu-Ray; Blu-Ray and HD DVD; Switch to HD DVD
B. Switch to Blu-Ray; Blu-Ray
C. HD DVD; Blu-Ray
D. HD DVD; Switch to HD DVD