Your sentence length should vary in your writing to make it more interesting for your reader
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
True
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Description #3
A. Image A B. Image B C. Image C D. Image D
The writer encloses the words popular enlightenment in quotes in paragraph 1 to indicate that
Persuasion and Propaganda 1) Joseph Goebbels, Germany’s minister of “popular enlightenment” and propaganda from 1933 to 1945, understood the power of persuasion. Given control of publications, radio programs, motion pictures, and the arts, he undertook to persuade Germans to accept Nazi ideology. Julius Streicher, another member of the Nazi group, published Der Sturmer, a weekly anti-Semitic (anti-Jewish) newspaper with a circulation of 500,000, and the only paper read cover to cover by his intimate friend, Adolph Hitler. Streicher also published anti-Semitic children’s books and, with Goebbels, spoke at the mass rallies that became part of the Nazi propaganda machine. 2) How effective were Goebbels, Streicher, and other Nazi propagandists? Did they, as the Allies alleged at Streicher’s Nuremberg trial, “inject poison into the minds of millions and millions?” Most Germans were not persuaded to feel raging hatred for the Jews. But many were. Others became sympathetic to anti-Semitic measures. And most of the rest became either sufficiently uncertain or sufficiently intimidated to staff the huge genocidal program, or at least to allow it to happen. Without the complicity of millions of people, there would have been no Holocaust. 3) Powerful persuasive forces are also at work in today’s world. Thanks partly to health promotion campaigns, the Centers for Disease Control report that the American cigarette smoking rate has plunged to 23 percent, barely more than half the rate of 40 years ago. And the rate of new U.S. collegian’s reporting abstinence from beer has increased – from 25 percent in 1981 to 53 percent in 2002. More than at any time in recent decades, health- and safety-conscious educated adults are shunning cigarettes and beer. 4) But some persuasive efforts flop. One massive governmental experiment to persuade people to use seatbelts had no discernible effect (seven carefully designed cable TV messages were broadcast 943 times during prime time to 6,400 households). Psychologist Paul Slovic thought he and his colleagues might do better. Their hunch was that seatbelt use might be low because many people perceive themselves to be invulnerable. Although it’s true that only one trip in 100,000 produces an injury, 50,000 trips taken in an average lifetime mean that for many people the feeling of safety eventually turns out to be an “illusion of invulnerability.” 5) With the support of the National Traffic Safety Administration, Slovic and his colleagues produced twelve TV messages designed to persuade people of the risks of driving without seat belts. After pretesting with hundreds of people, several thousand people at a “screening house” evaluated six messages. The three best messages had no effect on their seat-belt use. Because each safe trip reinforces nonuse of seat belts, concluded Slovic, “There seems to be no form of educational campaign or message that will persuade more than a small percentage of American motorists to voluntarily wear seat belts.” It eventually took laws requiring seat-belt use (supported by enforcement and a “Buckle Up America” campaign) to persuade most motorists to use seat belts. 6) As these examples show, efforts to persuade are sometimes diabolical, sometimes beneficial, sometimes effective, sometimes futile. Persuasion is neither inherently good nor bad. It is a message’s purpose and content that elicit judgments of good or bad. The bad we call “propaganda.” The good we call “education.” Education is more factually based and less coercive than propaganda. Yet generally we call it “education” when we believe it, “propaganda” when we don’t. 7) Our opinions have to come from somewhere. Persuasion – whether it be education or propaganda – is therefore inevitable. Indeed, persuasion is everywhere – at the heart of politics, marketing, courtship, parenting, negotiation, evangelism, and courtroom decision making. We must therefore seek to understand what leads to effective, long-lasting attitude change. What factors affect persuasion? And how, as persuaders, can we most effectively “educate” others? 8) Imagine that you are a marketing or advertising executive, one of those responsible for the over $400 billion spent annually worldwide on advertising. Or imagine that you are a preacher, trying to increase love and charity among your parishioners. Or imagine that you want to promote energy conservation, to encourage breast-feeding, or to campaign for a political candidate. What could you do to make yourself and your message persuasive? If you are wary of being manipulated by such appeals, to what tactics should you be alert? a. it is being used euphemistically b. it demonstrates the power of reason c. it shows that knowledge has been imparted d. it dispels false beliefs and prejudice
Nora lee la _______________ de postres. Y _______________ pedir frutas.
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
Which part of an essay contains supporting details for topic sentences?
a. Body b. Conclusion c. Introduction d. Thesis statement