Describe the following influences on development: history-graded influences, age-graded influences, sociocultural-graded influences and non-normative influences
What will be an ideal response?
A good answer would include the following key points:
• History-graded influences are biological and environmental influences associated with a particular historical movement.
• Age-graded influences are biological and environmental influences that are similar for individuals in a particular age group, regardless of when and where they are raised.
• Sociocultural-graded influences include ethnicity, social class, subcultural membership, and other factors.
• Non-normative life events are specific, atypical events that occur in a particular person's life at a time when such events do not happen to most people.
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Theory building is important in psychology because it
a. prevents excessive reliance on empiricism. b. reduces the need for hypothesis testing. c. relies heavily on naturalistic observation. d. provides explanations and guides future research.
A memory from a real event, which was encoded and stored and not retrieved for a long period of time, but then is retrieved after some later event brings it suddenly to consciousness, is termed as a _____ memory.
a. false b. recovered c. blocked d. repressed
When given a choice between an immediate reward and a much larger delayed reward, adolescents are likely to choose the ________ and are ________ likely to choose the immediate reward when observed by a peer.
A. immediate reward; more B. immediate reward; less C. much larger delayed reward; more D. much larger delayed reward; less
The first step psychologists take in researching an issue is to
A) ask a specific question about a limited topic. B) determine the validity of a claim. C) select an unbiased sample. D) conduct an informal survey.