Name and describe the three functional areas, or layers, of a network.
What will be an ideal response?
Core layer. The core layer is considered the backbone of the network and includes all high-end switches and high-speed fiber cables. At this layer of the network frames are not routed through the WLAN; rather, this layer is concerned with speed and ensures the reliable delivery of frames.
Distribution layer. The distribution layer, also called the workgroup layer, includes LAN-based routers and Layer 3 switches. These devices ensure that frames are properly routed between subnets and VLANs.
Access layer. At the access layer devices such as hubs and switches are located. This is
because at the access layer (also called the desktop layer) the function is to connect client nodes to the network and ensure that frames are delivered to end user computers
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What command would change the permissions of myFile.txt to rwxrwxrwx, granting any user in the system full access to the file?
File Permissions Visualize and Change the File Permissions. a. Navigate to /home/analyst/lab.support.files/scripts/.
[analyst@secOps ~]$ cd lab.support.files/scripts/b. Use the ls -l command to display file permissions.
[analyst@secOps scripts]$ ls -l total 60 -rwxr-xr-x 1 analyst analyst 190 Jun 13 09:45 configure_as_dhcp.sh -rwxr-xr-x 1 analyst analyst 192 Jun 13 09:45 configure_as_static.sh -rwxr-xr-x 1 analyst analyst 3459 Jul 18 10:09 cyberops_extended_topo_no_fw.py -rwxr-xr-x 1 analyst analyst 4062 Jul 18 10:09 cyberops_extended_topo.py -rwxr-xr-x 1 analyst analyst 3669 Jul 18 10:10 cyberops_topo.py -rw-r--r-- 1 analyst analyst 2871 Apr 28 11:27 cyops.mn -rwxr-xr-x 1 analyst analyst 458 May 1 13:50 fw_rules -rwxr-xr-x 1 analyst analyst 70 Apr 28 11:27 mal_server_start.sh drwxr-xr-x 2 analyst analyst 4096 Jun 13 09:55 net_configuration_files -rwxr-xr-x 1 analyst analyst 65 Apr 28 11:27 reg_server_start.sh -rwxr-xr-x 1 analyst analyst 189 Dec 15 2016 start_ELK.sh -rwxr-xr-x 1 analyst analyst 85 Dec 22 2016 start_miniedit.sh -rwxr-xr-x 1 analyst analyst 76 Jun 22 11:38 start_pox.sh -rwxr-xr-x 1 analyst analyst 106 Jun 27 09:47 start_snort.sh -rwxr-xr-x 1 analyst analyst 61 May 4 11:45 start_tftpd.shc. The touch command is very simple and useful. It allows for the quick creation of an empty text file. Use the command below to create an empty file in the /mnt directory:
[analyst@secOps scripts]$ touch /mnt/myNewFile.txt touch: cannot touch '/mnt/myNewFile.txt': Permission denied
[analyst@secOps ~]$ ls -l /mnt total 4 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Mar 3 11:13 second_drive
[analyst@secOps ~]$ ls -ld /mnt drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Mar 3 15:43 /mntd. The chmod command is used to change the permissions of a file or directory. As before, mount the /dev/sdb1 partition on the /home/analyst/second_drive directory created earlier in this lab:
[analyst@secOps scripts]$ sudo mount /dev/sdb1 ~/second_drive/e. Change to the second_drive directory and list the contents of it:
[analyst@secOps scripts]$ cd ~/second_drive [analyst@secOps second_drive]$ ls -l total 20 drwx------ 2 root root 16384 Mar 3 10:59 lost+found -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 183 Mar 3 15:42 myFile.txtf. Use the chmod command to change the permissions of myFile.txt.
[analyst@secOps second_drive]$ sudo chmod 665 myFile.txt [analyst@secOps second_drive]$ ls -l total 20 drwx------ 2 root root 16384 Mar 3 10:59 lost+found -rw-rw-r-x 1 root root 183 Mar 3 15:42 myFile.txtThe chmod command takes permissions in the octal format. In that way, a breakdown of the 665 is as follows: 6 in octal is 110 in binary. Assuming each position of the permissions of a file can be 1 or 0, 110 means rw- (read=1, write=1 and execute=0). Therefore, the chmod 665 myFile.txt command changes the permissions to: Owner: rw- (6 or 110 in octal) Group: rw- (6 or 110 in octal) Other: r-x (5 or 101 in octal)
?When data flow diagrams (DFDs) are drawn, which of the following conventions should be followed?
A. ?Each context diagram must fit on one page. B. ?Use the same names within each set of symbols. C. ?Do not cross lines. D. ?Use a unique reference number for each process symbol.
What is a bookmark and how do you create one?
What will be an ideal response?
FIGURE EX 3-1
Which category would you select in the Format Cells dialog box shown in Figure EX 3-1 above to record Social Security numbers properly?
A. Number B. Custom C. Scientific D. Special