Which of the following is thought to mediate empathy for the pain of others?
a. Insula
b. Hypothalamus
c. Basal ganglia
d. Parabrachial nuclei
a. Insula
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In one well-known study on empathy, participants had to watch a confederate ("Elaine") receive electric shocks. They were told either that they had to watch 10 full trials of shocks, or that they could leave after watching the first two trials only. They were also told that their values and interests were similar to those of the confederate (similar group), or that their values and interests were
different from those of the confederate (dissimilar group). After the first two trials had been completed, participants were asked whether they would switch places with the confederate—she was apparently very upset by the shocks due to a negative childhood experience with electricity. The researchers found that, in the dissimilar group, ____ agreed to switch places. a. virtually no one b. many people in the 10-trial group but virtually no one in the two-trial group c. many people in both the 10-trial group and the two-trial group d. virtually everyone
Ethologists such as Diane Fossey (who studied mountain gorillas) use a technique to adapt animal subjects to the presence of an observer by gradually increasing the time they spend in the animals' environment. This technique is called
A. implosion. B. desensitization. C. counterconditioning. D. progressive relaxation.
The brain imaging technique that involves measuring blood flow in active regions of the brain is called:
a. magnetic resonance imaging. b. functional magnetic resonance imaging. c. PET scan. d. transcranial magnetic stimulation.
Which is true regarding correlational research that focuses on family size and IQ?
A) Children from larger families report higher IQs than children from smaller families. B) Children from smaller families report higher IQs than children from larger families. C) The IQ correlations of children from large families are similar to the IQ correlations of children from small families. D) Positive correlations between family size and IQ have mainly been found.