Define the multiplier. How is it related to real GDP and the initial change in spending? How can the multiplier have a negative effect?
What will be an ideal response?
The multiplier is simply the ratio of the change in real GDP to the initial change in spending. Multiplying the initial change in spending by the multiplier gives you the amount of change in real GDP. The multiplier effect can work in a positive or a negative direction. An initial increase in spending will result in a larger increase in real GDP, and an initial decrease in spending will result in a larger decrease in real GDP.
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The cost of group health insurance is lower than if an individual buys a policy on his own because
A) moral hazard costs of a group tend to move to a low average. B) insuring a group eliminates the problem of buyers having more information than the seller. C) it is easier for the company to deny claims from a large group. D) the problem of adverse selection is reduced.
The relative price of a pineapple today in terms of pineapples tomorrow is given by
a. 1 - r b. r c. 1 + r d. 1/(1 + r)
Ceteris paribus, which of the following will occur if the Fed buys bonds through open-market operations?
A. The aggregate supply curve should shift leftward. B. The aggregate supply curve should shift rightward. C. The aggregate demand curve should shift leftward. D. The aggregate demand curve should shift rightward.
If a perfectly competitive firm sells 50 units of output at a market price of $10 per unit, its marginal revenue is:
A. more than $10. B. less than $10. C. $10. D. $500.