Systematic desensitization and modeling are alike in that
a. they both examine unconscious conflict as a therapeutic method.
b. they both increase self-efficacy expectations.
c. they both rely on observational learning.
d. they both use the technique of hierarchy in treating phobias.
B
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Karin's children are all in college. She works as a legal secretary, and most of what she earns goes toward paying her children's college tuition. Her own children lead busy lives, with friends and school activities occupying most of their time, so Karin volunteers one evening each week at the Boys' Home, reading bedtime stories to the young delinquents there. Karin is best classified as fitting
into Erikson's stage of a. intimacy versus isolation. b. generativity versus stagnation. c. integrity versus despair. d. identity versus role confusion.
What should be the usual relationship between the conditioned stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus in classical conditioning? a. The conditioned stimulus should be presented first. b. The unconditioned stimulus should be presented first. c. They should be presented simultaneously
d. It depends on what each stimulus is.
Which of the following is not a section of an empirical article?
a. Abstract b. Introduction c. Methods d. Recap
Research into the universality of facial expressions has revealed which of the following phenomena?
a. Babies can learn to express happiness with a frown if their parents consistently model such expressions. b. Higher animals, including chimpanzees and orangutans, use the same facial muscles in the same proportions as human beings when expressing fear, anger, happiness, or surprise. c. Blind children who have never seen a facial expression will express emotions with the same expressions as sighted people. d. In cultures where the expression of emotions is considered inappropriate, facial expressions differ significantly from cultures where emotions are more freely expressed.