A patient has a heart attack that leads to progressive cell injury that causes cell death with severe cell swelling and breakdown of organelles. What term would the nurse use to define this process?
a. Adaptation
b. Calcification
c. Apoptosis
d. Necrosis
ANS: D
Necrosis is the sum of cellular changes after local cell death. Cellular adaptation is a reversible, structural, or functional response to both normal or physiologic conditions and adverse or patho-logic conditions. Calcification is an accumulation of calcium salts. Apoptosis is an active process of cellular self-destruction.
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A patient is having a creatine kinase (CK) level drawn. For which health problem would the nurse expect this level to be elevated?
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