Compare and contrast conceptions of political authority in France under Louis XIV and England after the Glorious Revolution
What will be an ideal response?
The ideal answer should include:
a. The absolutist monarchy exemplified by the reign of Louis XIV is based on the political theory of absolutism.
b. Political philosophers such as Thomas Hobbes and Jean Bodin justified absolutism on the grounds that political authority was best exercised by one ruler.
c. Advocates of absolutism, particularly those who argued the divine right of kings, held that since God gave kings the authority to rule, kings could only be held accountable to God, not the people.
d. In contrast, the theory of constitutionalism placed sovereignty in the people, who gave the king the authority to rule.
e. Hence, the king was accountable to the people, who could depose him if he violated their trust.
f. John Locke's political treatises lay the philosophical foundation for constitutionalism.
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