We can calculate whether a reaction is spontaneous by calculating the change in free energy and
accounting for entropy. Your paycheck always lists your gross pay, net (take home) pay, and tax
withholdings. Which of the following best correlates your paycheck to the changes in free energy?
a. gross = net ? tax; free energy = total energy ? entropy
b. net salary = gross salary ? tax; free energy = total energy ? entropy
c. tax = gross ? net salary; entropy = free energy ? total energy
d. gross salary = tax ? net salary; total energy = entropy ? free energy
e. net salary = gross salary + tax; total energy = free energy + entropy
B
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Sodium has 11 electrons arranged in three energy levels. In order to become stable, sodium forms an ion with:
A. no charge. B. -1 charge. C. +8 charge. D. +1 charge. E. -8 charge.
Which of the following U.S. Supreme Court decisions struck down laws prohibiting the teaching of evolution?
A) The State of Tennessee v. John Thomas Scopes, 1925 B) Epperson v. Arkansas, 1968 C) Edwards v. Aguillard, 1987 D) Tammy Kitzmiller, et al. v. Dover Area School District, et al., 2005
When atoms react to form an ionic bond, electrons are shared between those atoms
__________________ Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
Chemical signals that mediate interactions between two or more members of a given species are called ________.
A. alarm signals B. competitive exclusions C. hormones D. pheromones