Describe the Scientific Revolution. Why did it begin? Who were some of the notable minds responsible for this revolution? Was there widespread acceptance of their ideas?
What will be an ideal response?
ANSWER:
Students should explain that the Scientific Revolution emerged out of the Renaissance rediscovery of Greek thought. In the sixteenth century some great thinkers began to challenge the discoveries of the Greeks, particularly Aristotle, and began a movement to explain the workings of the universe based on natural causes and mathematics. The contributions of Copernicus, Brahe, Kepler, Galileo, and Newton all combined to alter the way of thinking established by Aristotle. Student should understand the heliocentric theory of the universe. Galileo was condemned for his writings. The scientific method also made contributions to social thought, which, along with economic and political changes, resulted in the Enlightenment.
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The civilizations of the International Bronze Age were generally divided into which two social hierarchies?
A) palace dependents and free peoples B) free villagers and indentured servants C) nobility and commoners D) priests and peasants
Why were the encomiendas discontinued by the 1540s and all but gone by the 1620s?
A) The Spanish crown was unwilling to see the growth of a new nobility, and the decline of the Indian population made them less attractive. B) The Indians refused to continue to serve under the imperial conditions established in the 1500s and demanded a new arrangement with the Spanish crown. C) Despite the continued economic prosperity of the encomienda system, the Spanish crown discontinued them in order to establish a free labor system in the Americas. D) As new land became scarce, existing encomiendas were divided among owners instead of new ones being created.
Describe the major problems that prevented orderly conversion from a wartime to a peacetime economy.
What will be an ideal response?
The Theravada school of Buddhism is associated primarily with
a. performing good works for increased "merit". b. the development of Bodhisattvas. c. its popularity in China. d. meditation.