During the admission assessment the nurse notes many café-au-lait spots on the patient's trunk, back, neck, and legs
The patient has a diagnosis of neurofibromatosis type 1. Based on nurse's knowledge of neurofibromatosis the nurse understands that a single family member has a(n):
A) Spontaneous mutation
B) Germline mutation
C) Nondisjunction
D) Monosomy
Ans: A
Feedback: Spontaneous mutations take place in individual oocytes or sperm at the time of conception. These mutations are not inherited in other family members. However, a person who carries the new "spontaneous" mutation may pass on the mutation to his or her children. Achondroplasia, Marfan syndrome, and neurofibromatosis type 1 are examples of genetic conditions that may occur in a single family member as a result of spontaneous mutation. Germline mutations are passed on to all daughter cells when body cells replicate. During meiosis, a pair of chromosomes may fail to separate completely, creating a sperm or oocyte that contains two copies or no copy of a particular chromosome. This sporadic event, called nondisjunction, can lead to either trisomy or a monosomy.
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Critical research differs from traditional qualitative research in which of the following?
A) Its goal to be transformative B) Its use of interviews as a data source C) Its use of reflexivity D) Its desire to gain an in-depth understanding of phenomena
A 32-year-old newly diagnosed patient with AIDS expresses fear of dying. How should the nurse best respond to the patient?
A) "Would you like to talk to someone?" B) "Everyone dies eventually." C) "You are afraid of death; what concerns you most about death?" D) "You may live for several years."
When caring for a hospitalized client, the nurse demonstrates effective communication when
a. presenting several ideas at a time. b. using vocabulary that is unfamiliar to the client. c. stating key ideas only once. d. putting ideas in a logical sequence of related material.
Which of the following is true about procainamide and its dosing schedule?
1. It produces bradycardia and should be used cautiously in patients with cardiac conditions that a slower heart rate might worsen. 2. Gastrointestinal adverse effects are common so the drug should be taken with food. 3. Adherence can be improved by using a sustained release formulation that can be given once daily. 4. Doses of this drug should be taken evenly spaced around the clock to keep an even blood level.