Which substance would most likely need to be restricted in patients with heart failure who use diuretics in order to help reduce fluid retention?
a) potassium
b) magnesium
c) sodium
d) chloride
e) calcium
Ans: c) sodium
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Ms. Wooly brought her daughter, Mary, age 16, to the health care center to be seen by the nurse for a referral to the physician. Together, they tell the nurse that Mary has had nausea, vomiting, and headaches for the past 2 weeks. She has vomited "almost every day." Ms. Wooly began to cry as she tells the nurse that Mary does not remember the date of her last menstrual period and that she is
afraid that Mary is pregnant. During this interchange, Mary appears stoic and does not cry or have any verbalizations. After a blood test that confirmed the pregnancy, Ms. Wooly became calmer. A prenatal assessment was begun. Ms. Wooly answered most of the questions even though they were directed at Mary. Last menstrual period was estimated to be 2 months ago. Menses onset began 4 years ago. Ht: 5?8? Wt: 125 lbs Medium frame size She described her usual dietary intake as including hamburgers, hot dogs, chips, candy, and colas. Mary denies alcohol, drug, or cigarette use. Mary would not discuss the father of the child, nor did she volunteer any additional information. It is evident that Mary has some urgent needs that must be addressed during this visit. Mary is young and will need time to accept the pregnancy, but she must also begin to eat properly to meet her nutritional needs and those of the infant. Mary's age, physical symptoms, and diagnosis will factor into her care. Teen pregnancy is impacted by several life cycle needs and also covers a broad range of developmental needs based on the pregnancy and the woman's age. Discuss the factors associated with nutrition and identify goals to help Mary obtain a successful outcome.
All of the following are true regarding omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids EXCEPT:
a. they are both monounsaturated fats. b. they must be included in the diet. c. certain ones are called essential fatty acids. d. they are found in plant and animal foods.
All of the following are true regarding vitamins EXCEPT:
1.they are considered essential because the body cannot produce them. 2.if adequate amounts are not consumed, deficiency diseases develop. 3.they perform specific functions in the body. 4.eating at least one serving of fruit or vegetable a day prevents deficiencies.
Which of the following is an example of water shifting due to hydrostatic pressure?
A) Loss of plasma volume due to heavy sweating B) Swelling of the feet and ankles when standing for a long period of time C) Swelling of cells due to high intracellular sodium concentrations D) Passive movement from areas of high solute concentration to areas of low solute concentration